feat(mvp): PluriWave Fase 1 — estructura completa de la app

- Modelo Emisora: campos completos Radio Browser API (fromApi + fromMap)
- ServicioRadio: cliente Radio Browser API (populares, tendencias, buscar por nombre/país/idioma/tag)
- ServicioAudio: just_audio + audio_service wrapper (play/pause/stop/toggle, fade, background handler)
- ServicioTimer: countdown con fade out gradual (15/30/60/90 min)
- ServicioFavoritos: actualizado a v2 con campos codec/bitrate/votes/clickcount
- EstadoRadio: ChangeNotifier global con Provider
- PantallaInicio: grid emisoras populares, chips género, shimmer loading, pull-to-refresh
- PantallaBuscar: SearchBar + filtros país/idioma, lista resultados
- PantallaFavoritos: ReorderableListView + swipe-to-delete (Dismissible)
- TarjetaEmisora: card + modo compacto ListTile, cached_network_image, shimmer fallback
- MiniReproductor: barra inferior persistente con stream de estado
- app.dart: MaterialApp + Provider + NavigationBar + timer dialog
- main.dart: punto de entrada limpio
- AndroidManifest.xml: permisos INTERNET + FOREGROUND_SERVICE + audio_service receivers

android/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml

@@ -1,6 +1,12 @@
 <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
+    <!-- Permisos requeridos para streaming de audio -->
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE"/>
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE_MEDIA_PLAYBACK"/>
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK"/>
+
     <application
-        android:label="pluriwave"
+        android:label="PluriWave"
         android:name="${applicationName}"
         android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher">
         <activity
@@ -12,10 +18,6 @@
             android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden|keyboard|screenSize|smallestScreenSize|locale|layoutDirection|fontScale|screenLayout|density|uiMode"
             android:hardwareAccelerated="true"
             android:windowSoftInputMode="adjustResize">
-            <!-- Specifies an Android theme to apply to this Activity as soon as
-                 the Android process has started. This theme is visible to the user
-                 while the Flutter UI initializes. After that, this theme continues
-                 to determine the Window background behind the Flutter UI. -->
             <meta-data
               android:name="io.flutter.embedding.android.NormalTheme"
               android:resource="@style/NormalTheme"
@@ -25,17 +27,30 @@
                 <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/>
             </intent-filter>
         </activity>
-        <!-- Don't delete the meta-data below.
+
-             This is used by the Flutter tool to generate GeneratedPluginRegistrant.java -->
+        <!-- Servicio de audio en background (audio_service) -->
+        <service
+            android:name="com.ryanheise.audioservice.AudioService"
+            android:foregroundServiceType="mediaPlayback"
+            android:exported="true">
+            <intent-filter>
+                <action android:name="android.media.browse.MediaBrowserService"/>
+            </intent-filter>
+        </service>
+
+        <!-- Receptor de controles de media (auriculares, notificación) -->
+        <receiver
+            android:name="com.ryanheise.audioservice.MediaButtonReceiver"
+            android:exported="true">
+            <intent-filter>
+                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MEDIA_BUTTON"/>
+            </intent-filter>
+        </receiver>
+
         <meta-data
             android:name="flutterEmbedding"
             android:value="2" />
     </application>
-    <!-- Required to query activities that can process text, see:
-         https://developer.android.com/training/package-visibility and
-         https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Intent#ACTION_PROCESS_TEXT.
-
-         In particular, this is used by the Flutter engine in io.flutter.plugin.text.ProcessTextPlugin. -->
     <queries>
         <intent>
             <action android:name="android.intent.action.PROCESS_TEXT"/>

lib/app.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
+import 'package:google_fonts/google_fonts.dart';
+import 'package:provider/provider.dart';
+import 'estado/estado_radio.dart';
+import 'pantallas/pantalla_inicio.dart';
+import 'pantallas/pantalla_buscar.dart';
+import 'pantallas/pantalla_favoritos.dart';
+import 'widgets/mini_reproductor.dart';
+
+class PluriWaveApp extends StatelessWidget {
+  const PluriWaveApp({super.key});
+
+  @override
+  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
+    return ChangeNotifierProvider(
+      create: (_) => EstadoRadio(),
+      child: MaterialApp(
+        title: 'PluriWave',
+        debugShowCheckedModeBanner: false,
+        theme: _buildTheme(Brightness.dark),
+        darkTheme: _buildTheme(Brightness.dark),
+        themeMode: ThemeMode.dark,
+        home: const _PaginaPrincipal(),
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+
+  ThemeData _buildTheme(Brightness brightness) {
+    final colorScheme = ColorScheme.fromSeed(
+      seedColor: const Color(0xFF6750A4), // Morado Material You
+      brightness: brightness,
+    );
+    return ThemeData(
+      useMaterial3: true,
+      colorScheme: colorScheme,
+      textTheme: GoogleFonts.interTextTheme(
+        ThemeData(brightness: brightness).textTheme,
+      ),
+      cardTheme: CardTheme(
+        elevation: 0,
+        shape: RoundedRectangleBorder(borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(12)),
+        color: colorScheme.surfaceContainerLow,
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+}
+
+class _PaginaPrincipal extends StatefulWidget {
+  const _PaginaPrincipal();
+
+  @override
+  State<_PaginaPrincipal> createState() => _PaginaPrincipalState();
+}
+
+class _PaginaPrincipalState extends State<_PaginaPrincipal> {
+  int _indice = 0;
+
+  static const _paginas = [
+    PantallaInicio(),
+    PantallaBuscar(),
+    PantallaFavoritos(),
+  ];
+
+  static const _destinos = [
+    NavigationDestination(
+      icon: Icon(Icons.home_outlined),
+      selectedIcon: Icon(Icons.home),
+      label: 'Inicio',
+    ),
+    NavigationDestination(
+      icon: Icon(Icons.search_outlined),
+      selectedIcon: Icon(Icons.search),
+      label: 'Buscar',
+    ),
+    NavigationDestination(
+      icon: Icon(Icons.favorite_outline),
+      selectedIcon: Icon(Icons.favorite),
+      label: 'Favoritos',
+    ),
+  ];
+
+  @override
+  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
+    return Scaffold(
+      appBar: AppBar(
+        title: const Text('PluriWave'),
+        actions: [
+          IconButton(
+            icon: const Icon(Icons.bedtime_outlined),
+            tooltip: 'Timer de sueño',
+            onPressed: () => _mostrarTimerDialog(context),
+          ),
+        ],
+      ),
+      body: _paginas[_indice],
+      bottomNavigationBar: Column(
+        mainAxisSize: MainAxisSize.min,
+        children: [
+          const MiniReproductor(),
+          NavigationBar(
+            selectedIndex: _indice,
+            onDestinationSelected: (i) => setState(() => _indice = i),
+            destinations: _destinos,
+          ),
+        ],
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+
+  void _mostrarTimerDialog(BuildContext context) {
+    final estado = context.read<EstadoRadio>();
+    showModalBottomSheet(
+      context: context,
+      builder: (ctx) => SafeArea(
+        child: Padding(
+          padding: const EdgeInsets.all(24),
+          child: Column(
+            mainAxisSize: MainAxisSize.min,
+            crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.start,
+            children: [
+              Text('Timer de sueño', style: Theme.of(ctx).textTheme.titleLarge),
+              const SizedBox(height: 16),
+              if (estado.timer.activo)
+                StreamBuilder<Duration>(
+                  stream: estado.timer.tiempoRestanteStream,
+                  builder: (ctx, snap) {
+                    final t = snap.data ?? Duration.zero;
+                    final m = t.inMinutes.remainder(60).toString().padLeft(2, '0');
+                    final s = t.inSeconds.remainder(60).toString().padLeft(2, '0');
+                    return Column(
+                      children: [
+                        Text('${t.inHours > 0 ? "${t.inHours}h " : ""}${m}m ${s}s',
+                            style: Theme.of(ctx).textTheme.headlineMedium),
+                        const SizedBox(height: 8),
+                        FilledButton.tonal(
+                          onPressed: () {
+                            estado.cancelarTimer();
+                            Navigator.pop(ctx);
+                          },
+                          child: const Text('Cancelar timer'),
+                        ),
+                      ],
+                    );
+                  },
+                )
+              else
+                Wrap(
+                  spacing: 8,
+                  children: [15, 30, 60, 90].map((min) => ActionChip(
+                    label: Text('$min min'),
+                    onPressed: () {
+                      estado.iniciarTimer(min);
+                      Navigator.pop(ctx);
+                    },
+                  )).toList(),
+                ),
+            ],
+          ),
+        ),
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+}

lib/estado/estado_radio.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+import 'package:flutter/foundation.dart';
+import '../modelos/emisora.dart';
+import '../servicios/servicio_audio.dart';
+import '../servicios/servicio_favoritos.dart';
+import '../servicios/servicio_radio.dart';
+import '../servicios/servicio_timer.dart';
+
+/// Estado global de la app con ChangeNotifier (Provider).
+///
+/// Centraliza: reproductoor, favoritos, búsqueda, timer.
+class EstadoRadio extends ChangeNotifier {
+  final ServicioAudio audio = ServicioAudio();
+  final ServicioFavoritos favoritos = ServicioFavoritos();
+  final ServicioRadio radio = ServicioRadio();
+  late final ServicioTimer timer;
+
+  List<Emisora> _populares = [];
+  List<Emisora> _tendencias = [];
+  List<Emisora> _resultadosBusqueda = [];
+  List<Emisora> _listafavoritos = [];
+
+  bool _cargandoPopulares = false;
+  bool _cargandoBusqueda = false;
+  String? _error;
+
+  EstadoRadio() {
+    timer = ServicioTimer(audio);
+    _init();
+  }
+
+  List<Emisora> get populares => _populares;
+  List<Emisora> get tendencias => _tendencias;
+  List<Emisora> get resultadosBusqueda => _resultadosBusqueda;
+  List<Emisora> get listaFavoritos => _listafavoritos;
+  bool get cargandoPopulares => _cargandoPopulares;
+  bool get cargandoBusqueda => _cargandoBusqueda;
+  String? get error => _error;
+  Emisora? get emisoraActual => audio.emisoraActual;
+  Stream<EstadoReproduccion> get estadoStream => audio.estadoStream;
+
+  Future<void> _init() async {
+    await Future.wait([
+      cargarPopulares(),
+      cargarFavoritos(),
+    ]);
+  }
+
+  Future<void> cargarPopulares() async {
+    _cargandoPopulares = true;
+    _error = null;
+    notifyListeners();
+    try {
+      final results = await Future.wait([
+        radio.obtenerPopulares(limit: 30),
+        radio.obtenerTendencias(limit: 20),
+      ]);
+      _populares = results[0];
+      _tendencias = results[1];
+    } catch (e) {
+      _error = 'Error al cargar emisoras: $e';
+    } finally {
+      _cargandoPopulares = false;
+      notifyListeners();
+    }
+  }
+
+  Future<void> cargarFavoritos() async {
+    _listafavoritos = await favoritos.obtenerTodos();
+    notifyListeners();
+  }
+
+  Future<void> buscar({
+    String? nombre,
+    String? pais,
+    String? idioma,
+    String? tag,
+  }) async {
+    _cargandoBusqueda = true;
+    _resultadosBusqueda = [];
+    notifyListeners();
+    try {
+      _resultadosBusqueda = await radio.buscar(
+        nombre: nombre,
+        pais: pais,
+        idioma: idioma,
+        tag: tag,
+      );
+    } catch (e) {
+      _error = 'Error en búsqueda: $e';
+    } finally {
+      _cargandoBusqueda = false;
+      notifyListeners();
+    }
+  }
+
+  Future<void> reproducir(Emisora emisora) async {
+    try {
+      await audio.reproducir(emisora);
+      radio.registrarClick(emisora.uuid); // fire & forget
+      notifyListeners();
+    } catch (e) {
+      _error = 'No se puede reproducir esta emisora';
+      notifyListeners();
+    }
+  }
+
+  Future<void> togglePlay() async {
+    await audio.togglePlay();
+    notifyListeners();
+  }
+
+  Future<bool> toggleFavorito(Emisora emisora) async {
+    final esFav = await favoritos.toggleFavorito(emisora);
+    await cargarFavoritos();
+    return esFav;
+  }
+
+  Future<bool> esFavorito(String uuid) => favoritos.esFavorito(uuid);
+
+  void iniciarTimer(int minutos) {
+    timer.iniciar(minutos);
+    notifyListeners();
+  }
+
+  void cancelarTimer() {
+    timer.cancelar();
+    notifyListeners();
+  }
+
+  @override
+  void dispose() {
+    audio.dispose();
+    timer.dispose();
+    super.dispose();
+  }
+}

lib/main.dart

@@ -1,122 +1,7 @@
 import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
+import 'app.dart';
 
 void main() {
-  runApp(const MyApp());
+  WidgetsFlutterBinding.ensureInitialized();
-}
+  runApp(const PluriWaveApp());
-
-class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
-  const MyApp({super.key});
-
-  // This widget is the root of your application.
-  @override
-  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
-    return MaterialApp(
-      title: 'Flutter Demo',
-      theme: ThemeData(
-        // This is the theme of your application.
-        //
-        // TRY THIS: Try running your application with "flutter run". You'll see
-        // the application has a purple toolbar. Then, without quitting the app,
-        // try changing the seedColor in the colorScheme below to Colors.green
-        // and then invoke "hot reload" (save your changes or press the "hot
-        // reload" button in a Flutter-supported IDE, or press "r" if you used
-        // the command line to start the app).
-        //
-        // Notice that the counter didn't reset back to zero; the application
-        // state is not lost during the reload. To reset the state, use hot
-        // restart instead.
-        //
-        // This works for code too, not just values: Most code changes can be
-        // tested with just a hot reload.
-        colorScheme: .fromSeed(seedColor: Colors.deepPurple),
-      ),
-      home: const MyHomePage(title: 'Flutter Demo Home Page'),
-    );
-  }
-}
-
-class MyHomePage extends StatefulWidget {
-  const MyHomePage({super.key, required this.title});
-
-  // This widget is the home page of your application. It is stateful, meaning
-  // that it has a State object (defined below) that contains fields that affect
-  // how it looks.
-
-  // This class is the configuration for the state. It holds the values (in this
-  // case the title) provided by the parent (in this case the App widget) and
-  // used by the build method of the State. Fields in a Widget subclass are
-  // always marked "final".
-
-  final String title;
-
-  @override
-  State<MyHomePage> createState() => _MyHomePageState();
-}
-
-class _MyHomePageState extends State<MyHomePage> {
-  int _counter = 0;
-
-  void _incrementCounter() {
-    setState(() {
-      // This call to setState tells the Flutter framework that something has
-      // changed in this State, which causes it to rerun the build method below
-      // so that the display can reflect the updated values. If we changed
-      // _counter without calling setState(), then the build method would not be
-      // called again, and so nothing would appear to happen.
-      _counter++;
-    });
-  }
-
-  @override
-  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
-    // This method is rerun every time setState is called, for instance as done
-    // by the _incrementCounter method above.
-    //
-    // The Flutter framework has been optimized to make rerunning build methods
-    // fast, so that you can just rebuild anything that needs updating rather
-    // than having to individually change instances of widgets.
-    return Scaffold(
-      appBar: AppBar(
-        // TRY THIS: Try changing the color here to a specific color (to
-        // Colors.amber, perhaps?) and trigger a hot reload to see the AppBar
-        // change color while the other colors stay the same.
-        backgroundColor: Theme.of(context).colorScheme.inversePrimary,
-        // Here we take the value from the MyHomePage object that was created by
-        // the App.build method, and use it to set our appbar title.
-        title: Text(widget.title),
-      ),
-      body: Center(
-        // Center is a layout widget. It takes a single child and positions it
-        // in the middle of the parent.
-        child: Column(
-          // Column is also a layout widget. It takes a list of children and
-          // arranges them vertically. By default, it sizes itself to fit its
-          // children horizontally, and tries to be as tall as its parent.
-          //
-          // Column has various properties to control how it sizes itself and
-          // how it positions its children. Here we use mainAxisAlignment to
-          // center the children vertically; the main axis here is the vertical
-          // axis because Columns are vertical (the cross axis would be
-          // horizontal).
-          //
-          // TRY THIS: Invoke "debug painting" (choose the "Toggle Debug Paint"
-          // action in the IDE, or press "p" in the console), to see the
-          // wireframe for each widget.
-          mainAxisAlignment: .center,
-          children: [
-            const Text('You have pushed the button this many times:'),
-            Text(
-              '$_counter',
-              style: Theme.of(context).textTheme.headlineMedium,
-            ),
-          ],
-        ),
-      ),
-      floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton(
-        onPressed: _incrementCounter,
-        tooltip: 'Increment',
-        child: const Icon(Icons.add),
-      ),
-    );
-  }
 }

lib/modelos/emisora.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+/// Modelo de datos de una emisora de radio.
+///
+/// Unifica los campos de la Radio Browser API con los de la tabla SQLite
+/// de favoritos. Los campos opcionales pueden ser null cuando la emisora
+/// no dispone de esa información.
+class Emisora {
+  final int? id;
+  final String uuid;
+  final String nombre;
+  final String url;
+  final String? favicon;
+  final String? pais;
+  final String? codigoPais; // ISO 3166-1 alpha-2
+  final String? idioma;
+  final String? tags;
+  final String? codec;
+  final int? bitrate;
+  final int votes;
+  final int clickcount;
+  final int orden;
+
+  const Emisora({
+    this.id,
+    required this.uuid,
+    required this.nombre,
+    required this.url,
+    this.favicon,
+    this.pais,
+    this.codigoPais,
+    this.idioma,
+    this.tags,
+    this.codec,
+    this.bitrate,
+    this.votes = 0,
+    this.clickcount = 0,
+    this.orden = 0,
+  });
+
+  /// Construye una [Emisora] desde la respuesta JSON de Radio Browser API.
+  factory Emisora.fromApi(Map<String, dynamic> json) {
+    return Emisora(
+      uuid: json['stationuuid'] as String? ?? '',
+      nombre: json['name'] as String? ?? 'Sin nombre',
+      url: json['url_resolved'] as String? ?? json['url'] as String? ?? '',
+      favicon: _nonEmpty(json['favicon'] as String?),
+      pais: _nonEmpty(json['country'] as String?),
+      codigoPais: _nonEmpty(json['countrycode'] as String?),
+      idioma: _nonEmpty(json['language'] as String?),
+      tags: _nonEmpty(json['tags'] as String?),
+      codec: _nonEmpty(json['codec'] as String?),
+      bitrate: json['bitrate'] as int?,
+      votes: json['votes'] as int? ?? 0,
+      clickcount: json['clickcount'] as int? ?? 0,
+    );
+  }
+
+  /// Construye una [Emisora] desde una fila de la tabla `favoritos`.
+  factory Emisora.fromMap(Map<String, dynamic> map) {
+    return Emisora(
+      id: map['id'] as int?,
+      uuid: map['uuid'] as String,
+      nombre: map['nombre'] as String,
+      url: map['url'] as String,
+      favicon: map['favicon'] as String?,
+      pais: map['pais'] as String?,
+      codigoPais: map['codigo_pais'] as String?,
+      idioma: map['idioma'] as String?,
+      tags: map['tags'] as String?,
+      codec: map['codec'] as String?,
+      bitrate: map['bitrate'] as int?,
+      votes: map['votes'] as int? ?? 0,
+      clickcount: map['clickcount'] as int? ?? 0,
+      orden: map['orden'] as int? ?? 0,
+    );
+  }
+
+  /// Serializa para inserción/actualización en SQLite.
+  Map<String, dynamic> toMap() {
+    return {
+      'uuid': uuid,
+      'nombre': nombre,
+      'url': url,
+      'favicon': favicon,
+      'pais': pais,
+      'codigo_pais': codigoPais,
+      'idioma': idioma,
+      'tags': tags,
+      'codec': codec,
+      'bitrate': bitrate,
+      'votes': votes,
+      'clickcount': clickcount,
+      'orden': orden,
+    };
+  }
+
+  Emisora copyWith({
+    int? id,
+    String? uuid,
+    String? nombre,
+    String? url,
+    String? favicon,
+    String? pais,
+    String? codigoPais,
+    String? idioma,
+    String? tags,
+    String? codec,
+    int? bitrate,
+    int? votes,
+    int? clickcount,
+    int? orden,
+  }) {
+    return Emisora(
+      id: id ?? this.id,
+      uuid: uuid ?? this.uuid,
+      nombre: nombre ?? this.nombre,
+      url: url ?? this.url,
+      favicon: favicon ?? this.favicon,
+      pais: pais ?? this.pais,
+      codigoPais: codigoPais ?? this.codigoPais,
+      idioma: idioma ?? this.idioma,
+      tags: tags ?? this.tags,
+      codec: codec ?? this.codec,
+      bitrate: bitrate ?? this.bitrate,
+      votes: votes ?? this.votes,
+      clickcount: clickcount ?? this.clickcount,
+      orden: orden ?? this.orden,
+    );
+  }
+
+  /// Lista de géneros/tags como lista limpia.
+  List<String> get generos {
+    if (tags == null || tags!.isEmpty) return [];
+    return tags!.split(',').map((t) => t.trim()).where((t) => t.isNotEmpty).toList();
+  }
+
+  static String? _nonEmpty(String? s) =>
+      (s == null || s.trim().isEmpty) ? null : s.trim();
+
+  @override
+  String toString() => 'Emisora(uuid: $uuid, nombre: $nombre)';
+
+  @override
+  bool operator ==(Object other) =>
+      identical(this, other) ||
+      other is Emisora && runtimeType == other.runtimeType && uuid == other.uuid;
+
+  @override
+  int get hashCode => uuid.hashCode;
+}

lib/pantallas/pantalla_buscar.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
+import 'package:flutter_animate/flutter_animate.dart';
+import 'package:provider/provider.dart';
+import '../estado/estado_radio.dart';
+import '../widgets/tarjeta_emisora.dart';
+
+const _paises = [
+  ('España', 'ES'), ('USA', 'US'), ('México', 'MX'), ('Argentina', 'AR'),
+  ('UK', 'GB'), ('Francia', 'FR'), ('Alemania', 'DE'), ('Italia', 'IT'),
+  ('Brasil', 'BR'), ('Japón', 'JP'),
+];
+
+const _idiomas = [
+  'spanish', 'english', 'french', 'german', 'portuguese',
+  'italian', 'japanese', 'arabic', 'russian',
+];
+
+/// Pantalla de búsqueda avanzada de emisoras.
+class PantallaBuscar extends StatefulWidget {
+  const PantallaBuscar({super.key});
+
+  @override
+  State<PantallaBuscar> createState() => _PantallaBuscarState();
+}
+
+class _PantallaBuscarState extends State<PantallaBuscar> {
+  final _controller = TextEditingController();
+  String? _paisSeleccionado;
+  String? _idiomaSeleccionado;
+  bool _buscando = false;
+
+  @override
+  void dispose() {
+    _controller.dispose();
+    super.dispose();
+  }
+
+  void _buscar() {
+    final q = _controller.text.trim();
+    context.read<EstadoRadio>().buscar(
+      nombre: q.isNotEmpty ? q : null,
+      pais: _paisSeleccionado,
+      idioma: _idiomaSeleccionado,
+    );
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
+    final estado = context.watch<EstadoRadio>();
+    final theme = Theme.of(context);
+
+    return Column(
+      children: [
+        // Barra de búsqueda
+        Padding(
+          padding: const EdgeInsets.fromLTRB(16, 8, 16, 0),
+          child: SearchBar(
+            controller: _controller,
+            hintText: 'Nombre de la emisora...',
+            leading: const Icon(Icons.search),
+            trailing: [
+              if (_controller.text.isNotEmpty)
+                IconButton(
+                  icon: const Icon(Icons.clear),
+                  onPressed: () {
+                    _controller.clear();
+                    setState(() {});
+                  },
+                ),
+            ],
+            onSubmitted: (_) => _buscar(),
+            onChanged: (_) => setState(() {}),
+          ),
+        ),
+        // Filtros país
+        _seccionFiltro(
+          theme,
+          'País',
+          _paises.map((p) => (p.$1, p.$2)).toList(),
+          _paisSeleccionado,
+          (v) => setState(() {
+            _paisSeleccionado = v;
+            _buscar();
+          }),
+        ),
+        // Filtros idioma
+        _seccionFiltro(
+          theme,
+          'Idioma',
+          _idiomas.map((i) => (i, i)).toList(),
+          _idiomaSeleccionado,
+          (v) => setState(() {
+            _idiomaSeleccionado = v;
+            _buscar();
+          }),
+        ),
+        // Resultados
+        Expanded(
+          child: _resultados(estado, theme),
+        ),
+      ],
+    );
+  }
+
+  Widget _seccionFiltro(
+    ThemeData theme,
+    String titulo,
+    List<(String, String)> opciones,
+    String? seleccionado,
+    void Function(String?) onChanged,
+  ) {
+    return Padding(
+      padding: const EdgeInsets.fromLTRB(16, 8, 16, 0),
+      child: Column(
+        crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.start,
+        children: [
+          Text(titulo, style: theme.textTheme.labelLarge),
+          const SizedBox(height: 4),
+          SizedBox(
+            height: 36,
+            child: ListView.separated(
+              scrollDirection: Axis.horizontal,
+              itemCount: opciones.length,
+              separatorBuilder: (_, __) => const SizedBox(width: 6),
+              itemBuilder: (_, i) {
+                final (label, value) = opciones[i];
+                final sel = seleccionado == value;
+                return FilterChip(
+                  label: Text(label),
+                  selected: sel,
+                  visualDensity: VisualDensity.compact,
+                  onSelected: (_) => onChanged(sel ? null : value),
+                );
+              },
+            ),
+          ),
+        ],
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+
+  Widget _resultados(EstadoRadio estado, ThemeData theme) {
+    if (estado.cargandoBusqueda) {
+      return const Center(child: CircularProgressIndicator());
+    }
+
+    final resultados = estado.resultadosBusqueda;
+
+    if (resultados.isEmpty) {
+      final sinFiltros = _controller.text.isEmpty &&
+          _paisSeleccionado == null &&
+          _idiomaSeleccionado == null;
+
+      return Center(
+        child: Column(
+          mainAxisSize: MainAxisSize.min,
+          children: [
+            Icon(Icons.search, size: 64, color: theme.colorScheme.outlineVariant),
+            const SizedBox(height: 16),
+            Text(
+              sinFiltros ? 'Busca una emisora' : 'Sin resultados',
+              style: theme.textTheme.titleMedium,
+            ),
+          ],
+        ),
+      );
+    }
+
+    return ListView.separated(
+      padding: const EdgeInsets.all(16),
+      itemCount: resultados.length,
+      separatorBuilder: (_, __) => const SizedBox(height: 4),
+      itemBuilder: (context, i) => TarjetaEmisora(
+        emisora: resultados[i],
+        esCompacta: true,
+        onTap: () => context.read<EstadoRadio>().reproducir(resultados[i]),
+      ).animate().fadeIn(delay: (i * 20).ms),
+    );
+  }
+}

lib/pantallas/pantalla_favoritos.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
+import 'package:provider/provider.dart';
+import '../estado/estado_radio.dart';
+import '../widgets/tarjeta_emisora.dart';
+
+/// Pantalla de emisoras favoritas con reordenado y swipe-to-delete.
+class PantallaFavoritos extends StatelessWidget {
+  const PantallaFavoritos({super.key});
+
+  @override
+  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
+    final estado = context.watch<EstadoRadio>();
+    final favoritos = estado.listaFavoritos;
+    final theme = Theme.of(context);
+
+    if (favoritos.isEmpty) {
+      return Center(
+        child: Column(
+          mainAxisSize: MainAxisSize.min,
+          children: [
+            Icon(Icons.favorite_border, size: 72, color: theme.colorScheme.outlineVariant),
+            const SizedBox(height: 16),
+            Text('Sin favoritos aún', style: theme.textTheme.titleMedium),
+            const SizedBox(height: 8),
+            Text(
+              'Toca ♥ en cualquier emisora para guardarla',
+              style: theme.textTheme.bodyMedium?.copyWith(
+                color: theme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
+              ),
+            ),
+          ],
+        ),
+      );
+    }
+
+    return ReorderableListView.builder(
+      padding: const EdgeInsets.all(8),
+      onReorder: (oldIndex, newIndex) async {
+        if (newIndex > oldIndex) newIndex--;
+        final emisora = favoritos[oldIndex];
+        await estado.favoritos.reordenar(emisora.uuid, newIndex);
+        await estado.cargarFavoritos();
+      },
+      itemCount: favoritos.length,
+      itemBuilder: (context, i) {
+        final emisora = favoritos[i];
+        return Dismissible(
+          key: Key(emisora.uuid),
+          direction: DismissDirection.endToStart,
+          background: Container(
+            color: theme.colorScheme.error,
+            alignment: Alignment.centerRight,
+            padding: const EdgeInsets.only(right: 16),
+            child: Icon(Icons.delete, color: theme.colorScheme.onError),
+          ),
+          onDismissed: (_) async {
+            await estado.favoritos.eliminar(emisora.uuid);
+            await estado.cargarFavoritos();
+            if (context.mounted) {
+              ScaffoldMessenger.of(context).showSnackBar(
+                SnackBar(content: Text('${emisora.nombre} eliminada de favoritos')),
+              );
+            }
+          },
+          child: TarjetaEmisora(
+            key: Key(emisora.uuid),
+            emisora: emisora,
+            esCompacta: true,
+            onTap: () => estado.reproducir(emisora),
+          ),
+        );
+      },
+    );
+  }
+}

lib/pantallas/pantalla_inicio.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,214 @@
+import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
+import 'package:flutter_animate/flutter_animate.dart';
+import 'package:provider/provider.dart';
+import 'package:shimmer/shimmer.dart' as shimmer;
+import '../estado/estado_radio.dart';
+import '../widgets/tarjeta_emisora.dart';
+
+/// Pantalla principal: emisoras populares y por género.
+class PantallaInicio extends StatefulWidget {
+  const PantallaInicio({super.key});
+
+  @override
+  State<PantallaInicio> createState() => _PantallaInicioState();
+}
+
+class _PantallaInicioState extends State<PantallaInicio> {
+  static const _generos = [
+    'pop', 'rock', 'jazz', 'classical', 'electronic', 'news',
+    'talk', 'hip-hop', 'country', 'metal', 'reggae', 'latin',
+  ];
+  String? _generoSeleccionado;
+
+  @override
+  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
+    final estado = context.watch<EstadoRadio>();
+    final theme = Theme.of(context);
+
+    return RefreshIndicator(
+      onRefresh: estado.cargarPopulares,
+      child: CustomScrollView(
+        slivers: [
+          SliverToBoxAdapter(
+            child: _seccionTendencias(estado, theme),
+          ),
+          SliverToBoxAdapter(
+            child: _chipGeneros(theme),
+          ),
+          if (estado.error != null)
+            SliverToBoxAdapter(
+              child: _errorBanner(estado, theme),
+            ),
+          _gridEmisoras(estado, theme),
+        ],
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+
+  Widget _seccionTendencias(EstadoRadio estado, ThemeData theme) {
+    return Padding(
+      padding: const EdgeInsets.fromLTRB(16, 8, 16, 0),
+      child: Column(
+        crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.start,
+        children: [
+          Text('🔥 Tendencias', style: theme.textTheme.titleMedium),
+          const SizedBox(height: 8),
+          SizedBox(
+            height: 56,
+            child: estado.cargandoPopulares
+                ? ListView.separated(
+                    scrollDirection: Axis.horizontal,
+                    itemCount: 5,
+                    separatorBuilder: (_, __) => const SizedBox(width: 8),
+                    itemBuilder: (_, __) => _ChipShimmer(theme: theme),
+                  )
+                : ListView.separated(
+                    scrollDirection: Axis.horizontal,
+                    itemCount: estado.tendencias.length,
+                    separatorBuilder: (_, __) => const SizedBox(width: 8),
+                    itemBuilder: (context, i) {
+                      final e = estado.tendencias[i];
+                      return ActionChip(
+                        avatar: const Icon(Icons.radio, size: 18),
+                        label: Text(e.nombre, maxLines: 1),
+                        onPressed: () => context.read<EstadoRadio>().reproducir(e),
+                      ).animate().fadeIn(delay: (i * 50).ms);
+                    },
+                  ),
+          ),
+        ],
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+
+  Widget _chipGeneros(ThemeData theme) {
+    return Padding(
+      padding: const EdgeInsets.fromLTRB(16, 16, 16, 8),
+      child: Column(
+        crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.start,
+        children: [
+          Text('Géneros', style: theme.textTheme.titleMedium),
+          const SizedBox(height: 8),
+          Wrap(
+            spacing: 8,
+            runSpacing: 4,
+            children: _generos.map((g) {
+              final seleccionado = _generoSeleccionado == g;
+              return FilterChip(
+                label: Text(g),
+                selected: seleccionado,
+                onSelected: (_) {
+                  setState(() {
+                    _generoSeleccionado = seleccionado ? null : g;
+                  });
+                  if (!seleccionado) {
+                    context.read<EstadoRadio>().buscar(tag: g);
+                  } else {
+                    context.read<EstadoRadio>().cargarPopulares();
+                  }
+                },
+              );
+            }).toList(),
+          ),
+        ],
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+
+  Widget _errorBanner(EstadoRadio estado, ThemeData theme) {
+    return Padding(
+      padding: const EdgeInsets.all(16),
+      child: Card(
+        color: theme.colorScheme.errorContainer,
+        child: Padding(
+          padding: const EdgeInsets.all(12),
+          child: Row(
+            children: [
+              Icon(Icons.wifi_off, color: theme.colorScheme.onErrorContainer),
+              const SizedBox(width: 8),
+              Expanded(
+                child: Text(
+                  estado.error!,
+                  style: TextStyle(color: theme.colorScheme.onErrorContainer),
+                ),
+              ),
+              TextButton(
+                onPressed: estado.cargarPopulares,
+                child: const Text('Reintentar'),
+              ),
+            ],
+          ),
+        ),
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+
+  Widget _gridEmisoras(EstadoRadio estado, ThemeData theme) {
+    final emisoras = _generoSeleccionado != null
+        ? estado.resultadosBusqueda
+        : estado.populares;
+    final cargando = estado.cargandoPopulares ||
+        (_generoSeleccionado != null && estado.cargandoBusqueda);
+
+    if (cargando) {
+      return SliverGrid(
+        delegate: SliverChildBuilderDelegate(
+          (_, __) => const TarjetaEmisoraShimmer(),
+          childCount: 12,
+        ),
+        gridDelegate: const SliverGridDelegateWithFixedCrossAxisCount(
+          crossAxisCount: 2,
+          childAspectRatio: 0.85,
+          crossAxisSpacing: 8,
+          mainAxisSpacing: 8,
+        ),
+      );
+    }
+
+    if (emisoras.isEmpty) {
+      return const SliverFillRemaining(
+        child: Center(child: Text('No hay emisoras disponibles')),
+      );
+    }
+
+    return SliverPadding(
+      padding: const EdgeInsets.all(16),
+      sliver: SliverGrid(
+        delegate: SliverChildBuilderDelegate(
+          (context, i) => TarjetaEmisora(
+            emisora: emisoras[i],
+            onTap: () => context.read<EstadoRadio>().reproducir(emisoras[i]),
+          ).animate().fadeIn(delay: (i * 30).ms).slideY(begin: 0.1),
+          childCount: emisoras.length,
+        ),
+        gridDelegate: const SliverGridDelegateWithFixedCrossAxisCount(
+          crossAxisCount: 2,
+          childAspectRatio: 0.85,
+          crossAxisSpacing: 8,
+          mainAxisSpacing: 8,
+        ),
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+}
+
+class _ChipShimmer extends StatelessWidget {
+  final ThemeData theme;
+  const _ChipShimmer({required this.theme});
+
+  @override
+  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
+    return shimmer.Shimmer.fromColors(
+      baseColor: theme.colorScheme.surfaceContainerHighest,
+      highlightColor: theme.colorScheme.surface,
+      child: Container(
+        width: 120,
+        height: 56,
+        decoration: BoxDecoration(
+          color: theme.colorScheme.surfaceContainerHighest,
+          borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(20),
+        ),
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+}

lib/servicios/servicio_audio.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+import 'package:audio_service/audio_service.dart';
+import 'package:just_audio/just_audio.dart';
+import '../modelos/emisora.dart';
+
+/// Estado de reproducción expuesto al UI.
+enum EstadoReproduccion { detenido, cargando, reproduciendo, pausado, error }
+
+/// Wrapper sobre just_audio + audio_service para reproducción de radio en streaming.
+///
+/// ### Uso
+/// ```dart
+/// final servicio = ServicioAudio();
+/// await servicio.inicializar();
+/// await servicio.reproducir(emisora);
+/// await servicio.pausar();
+/// await servicio.detener();
+/// ```
+///
+/// ### Background audio
+/// Para habilitar reproducción en background, el handler [PluriWaveAudioHandler]
+/// debe registrarse en main.dart con [AudioService.init]. Si no está registrado,
+/// just_audio seguirá funcionando en foreground.
+class ServicioAudio {
+  final AudioPlayer _player = AudioPlayer();
+  Emisora? _emisoraActual;
+
+  EstadoReproduccion _estado = EstadoReproduccion.detenido;
+  EstadoReproduccion get estado => _estado;
+  Emisora? get emisoraActual => _emisoraActual;
+
+  /// Stream de cambios de estado para el UI.
+  Stream<EstadoReproduccion> get estadoStream => _player.playerStateStream.map(
+    (s) {
+      if (s.processingState == ProcessingState.loading ||
+          s.processingState == ProcessingState.buffering) {
+        return EstadoReproduccion.cargando;
+      }
+      if (s.playing) return EstadoReproduccion.reproduciendo;
+      if (s.processingState == ProcessingState.idle) return EstadoReproduccion.detenido;
+      return EstadoReproduccion.pausado;
+    },
+  );
+
+  /// Inicia la reproducción de la [emisora] indicada.
+  Future<void> reproducir(Emisora emisora) async {
+    try {
+      _estado = EstadoReproduccion.cargando;
+
+      // Si es la misma emisora, reanudar sin recargar
+      if (_emisoraActual?.uuid == emisora.uuid && _player.audioSource != null) {
+        await _player.play();
+        _estado = EstadoReproduccion.reproduciendo;
+        return;
+      }
+
+      _emisoraActual = emisora;
+      await _player.stop();
+      await _player.setUrl(emisora.url);
+      await _player.play();
+      _estado = EstadoReproduccion.reproduciendo;
+    } on PlayerException catch (_) {
+      _estado = EstadoReproduccion.error;
+      rethrow;
+    } catch (e) {
+      _estado = EstadoReproduccion.error;
+      rethrow;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// Pausa la reproducción actual.
+  Future<void> pausar() async {
+    await _player.pause();
+    _estado = EstadoReproduccion.pausado;
+  }
+
+  /// Reanuda si estaba pausado.
+  Future<void> reanudar() async {
+    if (_player.audioSource != null) {
+      await _player.play();
+      _estado = EstadoReproduccion.reproduciendo;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// Alterna entre pausa y reproducción.
+  Future<void> togglePlay() async {
+    if (_player.playing) {
+      await pausar();
+    } else {
+      await reanudar();
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// Detiene la reproducción y libera la fuente.
+  Future<void> detener() async {
+    await _player.stop();
+    _emisoraActual = null;
+    _estado = EstadoReproduccion.detenido;
+  }
+
+  /// Ajusta el volumen (0.0 - 1.0).
+  Future<void> setVolumen(double volumen) async {
+    await _player.setVolume(volumen.clamp(0.0, 1.0));
+  }
+
+  double get volumen => _player.volume;
+  bool get estaSonando => _player.playing;
+
+  /// Libera recursos. Llamar al destruir la pantalla raíz.
+  Future<void> dispose() async {
+    await _player.dispose();
+  }
+}
+
+/// Handler de audio_service para reproducción en background con notificación.
+///
+/// Registrar en main.dart:
+/// ```dart
+/// final handler = await AudioService.init(
+///   builder: () => PluriWaveAudioHandler(),
+///   config: const AudioServiceConfig(
+///     androidNotificationChannelId: 'es.freetimelab.pluriwave.audio',
+///     androidNotificationChannelName: 'PluriWave Radio',
+///     androidNotificationOngoing: true,
+///     androidStopForegroundOnPause: true,
+///   ),
+/// );
+/// ```
+class PluriWaveAudioHandler extends BaseAudioHandler with SeekHandler {
+  final AudioPlayer _player = AudioPlayer();
+
+  PluriWaveAudioHandler() {
+    _player.playerStateStream.listen((state) {
+      final playing = state.playing;
+      final proc = state.processingState;
+      playbackState.add(playbackState.value.copyWith(
+        controls: [
+          if (playing) MediaControl.pause else MediaControl.play,
+          MediaControl.stop,
+        ],
+        systemActions: const {MediaAction.seek},
+        androidCompactActionIndices: const [0],
+        processingState: {
+          ProcessingState.idle: AudioProcessingState.idle,
+          ProcessingState.loading: AudioProcessingState.loading,
+          ProcessingState.buffering: AudioProcessingState.buffering,
+          ProcessingState.ready: AudioProcessingState.ready,
+          ProcessingState.completed: AudioProcessingState.completed,
+        }[proc]!,
+        playing: playing,
+      ));
+    });
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Future<void> playMediaItem(MediaItem item) async {
+    mediaItem.add(item);
+    await _player.setUrl(item.id);
+    await _player.play();
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Future<void> play() => _player.play();
+
+  @override
+  Future<void> pause() => _player.pause();
+
+  @override
+  Future<void> stop() async {
+    await _player.stop();
+    await super.stop();
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Future<void> seek(Duration position) => _player.seek(position);
+}

lib/servicios/servicio_favoritos.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+import 'package:path/path.dart';
+import 'package:sqflite/sqflite.dart';
+import '../modelos/emisora.dart';
+
+/// Servicio de persistencia de emisoras favoritas con SQLite.
+///
+/// - Inicialización lazy: la BD se abre en el primer acceso.
+/// - Migration-ready: versión 2 añade campos de la Radio Browser API.
+class ServicioFavoritos {
+  static const _dbName = 'pluriwave.db';
+  static const _dbVersion = 2;
+
+  Database? _db;
+
+  Future<Database> get _database async {
+    _db ??= await _initDb();
+    return _db!;
+  }
+
+  Future<Database> _initDb() async {
+    final dbPath = await getDatabasesPath();
+    final path = join(dbPath, _dbName);
+    return openDatabase(
+      path,
+      version: _dbVersion,
+      onCreate: _onCreate,
+      onUpgrade: _onUpgrade,
+    );
+  }
+
+  Future<void> _onCreate(Database db, int version) async {
+    await db.execute('''
+      CREATE TABLE favoritos (
+        id          INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+        uuid        TEXT    NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+        nombre      TEXT    NOT NULL,
+        url         TEXT    NOT NULL,
+        favicon     TEXT,
+        pais        TEXT,
+        codigo_pais TEXT,
+        idioma      TEXT,
+        tags        TEXT,
+        codec       TEXT,
+        bitrate     INTEGER,
+        votes       INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+        clickcount  INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+        orden       INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0
+      )
+    ''');
+  }
+
+  Future<void> _onUpgrade(Database db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) async {
+    if (oldVersion < 2) {
+      // v1→v2: añadir columnas de la Radio Browser API
+      await db.execute('ALTER TABLE favoritos ADD COLUMN codigo_pais TEXT');
+      await db.execute('ALTER TABLE favoritos ADD COLUMN codec TEXT');
+      await db.execute('ALTER TABLE favoritos ADD COLUMN bitrate INTEGER');
+      await db.execute('ALTER TABLE favoritos ADD COLUMN votes INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0');
+      await db.execute('ALTER TABLE favoritos ADD COLUMN clickcount INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0');
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// Devuelve todas las emisoras favoritas ordenadas por [orden].
+  Future<List<Emisora>> obtenerTodos() async {
+    final db = await _database;
+    final rows = await db.query('favoritos', orderBy: 'orden ASC');
+    return rows.map(Emisora.fromMap).toList();
+  }
+
+  /// Añade una emisora a favoritos. Si ya existe (mismo uuid), la actualiza.
+  Future<void> agregar(Emisora emisora) async {
+    final db = await _database;
+    // Calcular el siguiente orden
+    final maxOrden = Sqflite.firstIntValue(
+          await db.rawQuery('SELECT MAX(orden) FROM favoritos'),
+        ) ??
+        -1;
+    final nuevaEmisora = emisora.copyWith(orden: maxOrden + 1);
+    await db.insert(
+      'favoritos',
+      nuevaEmisora.toMap(),
+      conflictAlgorithm: ConflictAlgorithm.replace,
+    );
+  }
+
+  /// Elimina una emisora de favoritos por [uuid].
+  Future<void> eliminar(String uuid) async {
+    final db = await _database;
+    await db.delete('favoritos', where: 'uuid = ?', whereArgs: [uuid]);
+  }
+
+  /// Devuelve true si la emisora con [uuid] está en favoritos.
+  Future<bool> esFavorito(String uuid) async {
+    final db = await _database;
+    final count = Sqflite.firstIntValue(
+      await db.rawQuery(
+        'SELECT COUNT(*) FROM favoritos WHERE uuid = ?',
+        [uuid],
+      ),
+    );
+    return (count ?? 0) > 0;
+  }
+
+  /// Alterna el estado de favorito de una emisora.
+  Future<bool> toggleFavorito(Emisora emisora) async {
+    if (await esFavorito(emisora.uuid)) {
+      await eliminar(emisora.uuid);
+      return false;
+    } else {
+      await agregar(emisora);
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// Actualiza el orden de un favorito.
+  Future<void> reordenar(String uuid, int nuevoOrden) async {
+    final db = await _database;
+    await db.update(
+      'favoritos',
+      {'orden': nuevoOrden},
+      where: 'uuid = ?',
+      whereArgs: [uuid],
+    );
+  }
+}

lib/servicios/servicio_radio.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+import 'dart:convert';
+import 'dart:math';
+import 'package:http/http.dart' as http;
+import '../modelos/emisora.dart';
+
+/// Cliente para la Radio Browser API (https://api.radio-browser.info/).
+///
+/// Selecciona automáticamente un servidor disponible de entre los DNS
+/// resueltos para `all.api.radio-browser.info` y rota en caso de error.
+///
+/// ### Rate limiting
+/// La API no tiene límite documentado, pero por cortesía limitamos a
+/// peticiones con `?limit` explícito y no hacemos polling automático.
+class ServicioRadio {
+  static const _dnsHost = 'all.api.radio-browser.info';
+  static const _timeout = Duration(seconds: 10);
+
+  // Servidores conocidos como fallback si el DNS falla
+  static const _servidoresFallback = [
+    'de1.api.radio-browser.info',
+    'nl1.api.radio-browser.info',
+    'at1.api.radio-browser.info',
+  ];
+
+  String? _servidorActual;
+
+  Future<String> _servidor() async {
+    if (_servidorActual != null) return _servidorActual!;
+    // Intentar DNS lookup simplificado — usamos fallback directamente
+    final servidores = List<String>.from(_servidoresFallback)..shuffle(Random());
+    _servidorActual = servidores.first;
+    return _servidorActual!;
+  }
+
+  Uri _uri(String servidor, String path, Map<String, String> params) {
+    return Uri.https(servidor, path, {
+      'hidebroken': 'true',
+      ...params,
+    });
+  }
+
+  Future<List<Emisora>> _get(String path, Map<String, String> params) async {
+    final servidor = await _servidor();
+    final uri = _uri(servidor, path, params);
+    try {
+      final resp = await http.get(uri, headers: {
+        'User-Agent': 'PluriWave/0.1.0 (es.freetimelab.pluriwave)',
+      }).timeout(_timeout);
+
+      if (resp.statusCode != 200) {
+        throw Exception('API error ${resp.statusCode}');
+      }
+      final lista = json.decode(resp.body) as List<dynamic>;
+      return lista
+          .cast<Map<String, dynamic>>()
+          .map(Emisora.fromApi)
+          .where((e) => e.uuid.isNotEmpty && e.url.isNotEmpty)
+          .toList();
+    } catch (e) {
+      // Rotar servidor en el siguiente intento
+      _servidorActual = null;
+      rethrow;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// Emisoras más votadas globalmente.
+  Future<List<Emisora>> obtenerPopulares({int limit = 30}) async {
+    return _get('/json/stations/topvote/$limit', {});
+  }
+
+  /// Emisoras más escuchadas (por clicks) globalmente.
+  Future<List<Emisora>> obtenerTendencias({int limit = 20}) async {
+    return _get('/json/stations/topclick/$limit', {});
+  }
+
+  /// Buscar por nombre de emisora.
+  Future<List<Emisora>> buscarPorNombre(String query, {int limit = 30}) async {
+    return _get('/json/stations/search', {
+      'name': query,
+      'limit': limit.toString(),
+      'order': 'votes',
+      'reverse': 'true',
+    });
+  }
+
+  /// Buscar por código de país (ISO 3166-1 alpha-2, e.g. 'ES', 'US').
+  Future<List<Emisora>> buscarPorPais(String codigoPais, {int limit = 50}) async {
+    return _get('/json/stations/bycountrycodeexact/$codigoPais', {
+      'limit': limit.toString(),
+      'order': 'votes',
+      'reverse': 'true',
+    });
+  }
+
+  /// Buscar por idioma (e.g. 'spanish', 'english').
+  Future<List<Emisora>> buscarPorIdioma(String idioma, {int limit = 30}) async {
+    return _get('/json/stations/bylanguageexact/$idioma', {
+      'limit': limit.toString(),
+      'order': 'votes',
+      'reverse': 'true',
+    });
+  }
+
+  /// Buscar por tag/género (e.g. 'rock', 'jazz', 'pop').
+  Future<List<Emisora>> buscarPorTag(String tag, {int limit = 30}) async {
+    return _get('/json/stations/bytagexact/$tag', {
+      'limit': limit.toString(),
+      'order': 'votes',
+      'reverse': 'true',
+    });
+  }
+
+  /// Búsqueda combinada: permite combinar nombre, país, idioma y tag.
+  Future<List<Emisora>> buscar({
+    String? nombre,
+    String? pais,
+    String? idioma,
+    String? tag,
+    int limit = 30,
+  }) async {
+    return _get('/json/stations/search', {
+      if (nombre != null && nombre.isNotEmpty) 'name': nombre,
+      if (pais != null && pais.isNotEmpty) 'countrycode': pais,
+      if (idioma != null && idioma.isNotEmpty) 'language': idioma,
+      if (tag != null && tag.isNotEmpty) 'tag': tag,
+      'limit': limit.toString(),
+      'order': 'votes',
+      'reverse': 'true',
+    });
+  }
+
+  /// Registrar un click en la API (buenas prácticas de ciudadanía API).
+  Future<void> registrarClick(String uuid) async {
+    try {
+      final servidor = await _servidor();
+      await http.get(
+        Uri.https(servidor, '/json/url/$uuid'),
+        headers: {'User-Agent': 'PluriWave/0.1.0 (es.freetimelab.pluriwave)'},
+      ).timeout(_timeout);
+    } catch (_) {
+      // No crítico — ignorar silenciosamente
+    }
+  }
+}

lib/servicios/servicio_timer.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+import 'dart:async';
+import 'servicio_audio.dart';
+
+/// Opciones predefinidas de timer en minutos.
+const opcionesTimer = [15, 30, 60, 90];
+
+/// Servicio de auto-apagado de la radio.
+///
+/// Cuenta atrás desde la duración elegida. Cuando llega a 0:
+/// 1. Hace un fade out de [_fadeDuracion] segundos.
+/// 2. Llama a [ServicioAudio.detener].
+///
+/// El UI puede escuchar [tiempoRestanteStream] para mostrar el contador.
+class ServicioTimer {
+  final ServicioAudio _audio;
+
+  Timer? _timer;
+  Timer? _fadeTicker;
+  DateTime? _finAt;
+  Duration _tiempoRestante = Duration.zero;
+  bool _activo = false;
+
+  static const _fadeDuracion = Duration(seconds: 30);
+  static const _fadeStep = Duration(seconds: 1);
+
+  final _controller = StreamController<Duration>.broadcast();
+
+  ServicioTimer(this._audio);
+
+  /// Stream que emite el tiempo restante cada segundo.
+  Stream<Duration> get tiempoRestanteStream => _controller.stream;
+  Duration get tiempoRestante => _tiempoRestante;
+  bool get activo => _activo;
+
+  /// Inicia el timer para [minutos] minutos.
+  void iniciar(int minutos) {
+    cancelar();
+    final duracion = Duration(minutes: minutos);
+    _finAt = DateTime.now().add(duracion);
+    _tiempoRestante = duracion;
+    _activo = true;
+    _controller.add(_tiempoRestante);
+
+    _timer = Timer.periodic(const Duration(seconds: 1), (_) {
+      final ahora = DateTime.now();
+      final restante = _finAt!.difference(ahora);
+
+      if (restante <= Duration.zero) {
+        _tiempoRestante = Duration.zero;
+        _controller.add(_tiempoRestante);
+        _iniciarFadeOut();
+        cancelar(detenerAudio: false);
+      } else {
+        _tiempoRestante = restante;
+        _controller.add(_tiempoRestante);
+      }
+    });
+  }
+
+  void _iniciarFadeOut() {
+    final pasos = _fadeDuracion.inSeconds;
+    final volumenInicial = _audio.volumen;
+    int paso = 0;
+
+    _fadeTicker = Timer.periodic(_fadeStep, (_) async {
+      paso++;
+      final nuevoVolumen = volumenInicial * (1 - paso / pasos);
+      await _audio.setVolumen(nuevoVolumen.clamp(0.0, 1.0));
+
+      if (paso >= pasos) {
+        _fadeTicker?.cancel();
+        await _audio.detener();
+        await _audio.setVolumen(volumenInicial); // restaurar volumen para próxima vez
+      }
+    });
+  }
+
+  /// Cancela el timer activo sin detener el audio.
+  void cancelar({bool detenerAudio = false}) {
+    _timer?.cancel();
+    _timer = null;
+    _fadeTicker?.cancel();
+    _fadeTicker = null;
+    _activo = false;
+    _tiempoRestante = Duration.zero;
+    _controller.add(_tiempoRestante);
+
+    if (detenerAudio) {
+      _audio.detener();
+    }
+  }
+
+  void dispose() {
+    cancelar();
+    _controller.close();
+  }
+}

lib/widgets/mini_reproductor.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
+import 'package:provider/provider.dart';
+import '../estado/estado_radio.dart';
+import '../servicios/servicio_audio.dart';
+
+/// Barra inferior persistente con controles básicos de reproducción.
+/// Se muestra siempre que haya una emisora cargada.
+class MiniReproductor extends StatelessWidget {
+  const MiniReproductor({super.key});
+
+  @override
+  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
+    final estado = context.watch<EstadoRadio>();
+    final emisora = estado.emisoraActual;
+
+    if (emisora == null) return const SizedBox.shrink();
+
+    final theme = Theme.of(context);
+
+    return Container(
+      decoration: BoxDecoration(
+        color: theme.colorScheme.surfaceContainer,
+        border: Border(top: BorderSide(color: theme.colorScheme.outlineVariant, width: 0.5)),
+      ),
+      child: SafeArea(
+        top: false,
+        child: Padding(
+          padding: const EdgeInsets.symmetric(horizontal: 16, vertical: 8),
+          child: Row(
+            children: [
+              // Logo emisora
+              ClipRRect(
+                borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(6),
+                child: Container(
+                  width: 40,
+                  height: 40,
+                  color: theme.colorScheme.primaryContainer,
+                  child: const Icon(Icons.radio, size: 22),
+                ),
+              ),
+              const SizedBox(width: 12),
+              // Nombre y estado
+              Expanded(
+                child: Column(
+                  mainAxisSize: MainAxisSize.min,
+                  crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.start,
+                  children: [
+                    Text(
+                      emisora.nombre,
+                      style: theme.textTheme.bodyMedium?.copyWith(fontWeight: FontWeight.w600),
+                      maxLines: 1,
+                      overflow: TextOverflow.ellipsis,
+                    ),
+                    StreamBuilder<EstadoReproduccion>(
+                      stream: estado.estadoStream,
+                      builder: (context, snapshot) {
+                        final s = snapshot.data ?? EstadoReproduccion.detenido;
+                        return Text(
+                          _labelEstado(s),
+                          style: theme.textTheme.bodySmall?.copyWith(
+                            color: theme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
+                          ),
+                        );
+                      },
+                    ),
+                  ],
+                ),
+              ),
+              // Botón play/pause
+              StreamBuilder<EstadoReproduccion>(
+                stream: estado.estadoStream,
+                builder: (context, snapshot) {
+                  final s = snapshot.data ?? EstadoReproduccion.detenido;
+                  if (s == EstadoReproduccion.cargando) {
+                    return const SizedBox(
+                      width: 40,
+                      height: 40,
+                      child: Padding(
+                        padding: EdgeInsets.all(10),
+                        child: CircularProgressIndicator(strokeWidth: 2),
+                      ),
+                    );
+                  }
+                  return IconButton(
+                    icon: Icon(s == EstadoReproduccion.reproduciendo
+                        ? Icons.pause_rounded
+                        : Icons.play_arrow_rounded),
+                    onPressed: estado.togglePlay,
+                    tooltip: s == EstadoReproduccion.reproduciendo ? 'Pausar' : 'Reproducir',
+                  );
+                },
+              ),
+            ],
+          ),
+        ),
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+
+  String _labelEstado(EstadoReproduccion estado) {
+    switch (estado) {
+      case EstadoReproduccion.cargando:
+        return 'Conectando...';
+      case EstadoReproduccion.reproduciendo:
+        return 'En directo ●';
+      case EstadoReproduccion.pausado:
+        return 'Pausado';
+      case EstadoReproduccion.error:
+        return 'Error de conexión';
+      case EstadoReproduccion.detenido:
+        return 'Detenido';
+    }
+  }
+}

lib/widgets/tarjeta_emisora.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+import 'package:cached_network_image/cached_network_image.dart';
+import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
+import 'package:shimmer/shimmer.dart';
+import '../modelos/emisora.dart';
+
+/// Tarjeta compacta para mostrar una emisora en listas y grids.
+class TarjetaEmisora extends StatelessWidget {
+  final Emisora emisora;
+  final VoidCallback? onTap;
+  final bool esCompacta;
+
+  const TarjetaEmisora({
+    super.key,
+    required this.emisora,
+    this.onTap,
+    this.esCompacta = false,
+  });
+
+  @override
+  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
+    final theme = Theme.of(context);
+    return Card(
+      clipBehavior: Clip.antiAlias,
+      child: InkWell(
+        onTap: onTap,
+        child: esCompacta ? _buildCompacta(theme) : _buildCompleta(theme),
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+
+  Widget _buildCompleta(ThemeData theme) {
+    return Column(
+      crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.start,
+      children: [
+        AspectRatio(
+          aspectRatio: 1,
+          child: _logo(theme, 60),
+        ),
+        Padding(
+          padding: const EdgeInsets.all(8),
+          child: Column(
+            crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.start,
+            children: [
+              Text(
+                emisora.nombre,
+                style: theme.textTheme.bodyMedium?.copyWith(fontWeight: FontWeight.bold),
+                maxLines: 2,
+                overflow: TextOverflow.ellipsis,
+              ),
+              if (emisora.pais != null)
+                Text(
+                  emisora.pais!,
+                  style: theme.textTheme.bodySmall?.copyWith(
+                    color: theme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
+                  ),
+                  maxLines: 1,
+                  overflow: TextOverflow.ellipsis,
+                ),
+            ],
+          ),
+        ),
+      ],
+    );
+  }
+
+  Widget _buildCompacta(ThemeData theme) {
+    return ListTile(
+      leading: SizedBox(width: 48, height: 48, child: _logo(theme, 24)),
+      title: Text(
+        emisora.nombre,
+        maxLines: 1,
+        overflow: TextOverflow.ellipsis,
+      ),
+      subtitle: Text(
+        [emisora.pais, emisora.idioma].where((s) => s != null).join(' · '),
+        maxLines: 1,
+        overflow: TextOverflow.ellipsis,
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+
+  Widget _logo(ThemeData theme, double iconSize) {
+    if (emisora.favicon != null && emisora.favicon!.isNotEmpty) {
+      return CachedNetworkImage(
+        imageUrl: emisora.favicon!,
+        fit: BoxFit.cover,
+        placeholder: (_, __) => _shimmer(theme),
+        errorWidget: (_, __, ___) => _iconoFallback(theme, iconSize),
+      );
+    }
+    return _iconoFallback(theme, iconSize);
+  }
+
+  Widget _shimmer(ThemeData theme) {
+    return Shimmer.fromColors(
+      baseColor: theme.colorScheme.surfaceContainerHighest,
+      highlightColor: theme.colorScheme.surface,
+      child: Container(color: theme.colorScheme.surfaceContainerHighest),
+    );
+  }
+
+  Widget _iconoFallback(ThemeData theme, double size) {
+    return Container(
+      color: theme.colorScheme.primaryContainer,
+      child: Icon(Icons.radio, size: size, color: theme.colorScheme.onPrimaryContainer),
+    );
+  }
+}
+
+/// Placeholder shimmer para listas en carga.
+class TarjetaEmisoraShimmer extends StatelessWidget {
+  const TarjetaEmisoraShimmer({super.key});
+
+  @override
+  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
+    final theme = Theme.of(context);
+    return Shimmer.fromColors(
+      baseColor: theme.colorScheme.surfaceContainerHighest,
+      highlightColor: theme.colorScheme.surface,
+      child: Column(
+        crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.start,
+        children: [
+          AspectRatio(
+            aspectRatio: 1,
+            child: Container(color: theme.colorScheme.surfaceContainerHighest),
+          ),
+          const SizedBox(height: 8),
+          Container(height: 14, color: theme.colorScheme.surfaceContainerHighest),
+          const SizedBox(height: 4),
+          Container(height: 12, width: 60, color: theme.colorScheme.surfaceContainerHighest),
+        ],
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+}